The parts of a book in general, and the index in particular
Two reviews in one article!
Introduction
These may seem rather esoteric topics, but once you delve into them they are quite fascinating. What we think of as a book came about piecemeal as elements were added to it over the centuries. As for the index, which we probably take for granted, it could be and often was used as a means of “getting at” someone!
I hope you enjoy reading about these developments as much as I did. You’ll never look at a book in quite the same way again!
Review of Book Parts
By Dennis Duncan and Adam Smyth (Eds)
When you start to read a new book, what’s your routine? My routines differ according to whether the book is fiction or non-fiction, and whether I’ve been sent it to review or not.
For example, when I open a non-fiction book to review it, I tend to look at how useful the table of contents is, whether there’s an index, if there’s a references section, and if there are lots of notes. Also, of course, when it was published.
When it comes to tables of contents, by “useful” I mean whether it lists chapter headings that give the reader a clue as to what they are about. For instance, the titles “Chapter 1”, “Chapter 2” and so on are useless, and enigmatic ones like “All that glisters”, “Every cloud” and so forth are not much better.
Believe it or not, despite having spent all my life reading, I’d never consciously thought about all these different parts of books until I came across Book Parts. This book, edited by Dennis Duncan and Adam Smyth, is a treasure trove of information about the different sections that constitute a typical book, from the dust jacket to indexes and everything in between.
As you might expect from a book that covers such a vast territory, with many contributors, some chapters are rather more esoteric than others. For example, I’m not especially interested in woodcuts or engravings – at the moment. When, a couple of years ago, I did a course on the history of printing, I found such subjects riveting. In addition, it was fascinating to view the pages of early works at the British Library, and to actually know a bit about what I was looking at!
That example provides a clue as to the real value of this book. It’s like a mini encyclopaedia of the book, one that you can explore at different times depending on your needs and inclinations at the time.
Something I hadn’t realised – although now it seems obvious – is that different parts of the typical book were added on over time, as the need arose. Page numbers, for instance, which I’d assumed had always been included, were a late addition. Not only that, but the position of the numbers varied from manuscript to manuscript, and not all parts of each manuscript were numbered.
There’s a lot of wry humour throughout the book too. This mainly takes the form of the title pages of individual chapters reflecting the subject matter of the chapter, as the screenshots below illustrate.
One especially humorous chapter is that called Acknowledgements and Dedications, by Helen Smith. It begins like this:
This chapter could not have been written without the support of friends and colleagues. With more support it might have been written on time.
I learnt from reading Book Parts that the term given to all the paraphernalia surrounding and supporting the text itself in a book is “paratext”. This is aptly illustrated by an 18th century publication called The First of April: A Blank Poem, which contains a title page, a dedication, page numbers and footnotes – but no poem. (This joke appears more recently in the guise of Paul Fournel’s Suburbia, a novel that contains everything but the story.)
The scholarship evident in Book Parts is remarkable, and the quality of the paper is superb. The only thing I was left wondering about is where the book goes from here. Although e-books are touched upon in various places throughout the book, I’d have liked to have seen a chapter dedicated to the digital dimension. For example, Amazon “knows” how many times a particular passage has been highlighted, and informs the reader accordingly. Passages can be annotated, just as with a paper book, but now those annotations can be copied and shared in other media. Some books now take the form of apps, and of course audiobooks are now ubiquitous.
Notwithstanding my slight disappointment at this seeming omission, I can thoroughly recommend Book Parts to bibliophiles everywhere.
Review of Index, A History Of The
By Dennis Duncan
This book’s subject may seem rather niche, and therefore of little relevance to teaching English. However, it ticks several Programme of Study boxes, such as developing a positive attitude towards reading, and understanding different kinds of structures, and does so in a gently humorous way.
An index is more than a different version of the table of contents. Not only do these differ in how they relate to the body of the text (chronological vs alphabetical), the index may not be all it appears. Thus we learn how indexes have been used to ridicule people or bring them into disrepute. Some scholars bemoaned the way some readers used indexes: as a substitute for reading the book itself.
This book has two indexes, one computer-generated, the other compiled by an indexer, so you can compare the two.
A fascinating history of the development of the index as we know it today.
There's another book that dives deeply into the footnote called unsurprisingly The Footnote -- Grafton, Anthony. The Footnote: A Curious History. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1997. You might have run into Grafton before.
‘Book Parts’ looks excellent. Have you seen Keith Houston’s ‘The Book’? It not only provides the history of the book but does so with all sorts of ‘metadata’ about the book in the process.